Tinnitus is the perception of sound around the head (typically buzzing, ringing or hissing) in the absence of a noise source. A systematic review and network meta-analysis investigating the outcomes of various pharmacological interventions highlighted that heterogeneity in study designs, inconsistency in how severity was compared, risk of study bias and small sample sizes limited conclusions. The gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist acamprosate appeared to be the most promising treatment. At this point, medications are not a cornerstone of tinnitus management.

Read the review here.